Eloctrochemical Coagulation |
Ultra-Violet (UV) |
Memberane Filtration (NF/RO) |
Biocides (Glutaraldehyde) |
Thermal Evaporation |
Chloride Dioxide
(CLO2) |
Hydrodynamic
Cavitation |
Ozone
(O3) |
Acoustic
Cavitation |
Electrochemical
Oxidation |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Operation
|
Treatment Time | C | A | B | C | C | C |
A
|
B
|
A
|
D
|
A
|
Ease of Use | C | B | B | B | D | C |
A
|
B
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
Safety | B | B | A | C | C | D |
A
|
C
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
Cost | High | High | High | Low | High | Low |
Low
|
Medium
|
Medium
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Flow Rates | Medium | Low | Low | High | Low | High |
High
|
High
|
Medium
|
Medium
|
High
|
|
Mobile | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Additional Treatment Req. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
|
Number of Units Required* | 5 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 68 | 1 |
1
|
1
|
1
|
10
|
1
|
|
Treatment
|
Oxidation Potential | A | F | F | F | F | C |
A
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
Disinfection Multiplier (Oxidation Capacity) |
0x | 2x (with h2O2) | 0x | 0x | 0x | 0x |
3x
|
3x
|
3x
|
2-3x
|
5-20x
|
|
Sulfur Reducing Bacteria (SRB) | A | B | A | A | A | A |
B
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
Acid Producing Bacteria (APB) | A | B | A | B | A | A |
B
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
General Heterotrophic Bacteria (GHB) |
A | B | A | A | A | A |
B
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
Disinfection by Products | B | A | A | A | A | C |
A
|
B
|
A
|
B
|
A
|
|
Biofilms | C | C | C | C | B | A |
B
|
C
|
A
|
D
|
A
|
|
Scale Reduction | C | D | B | D | C | D |
C
|
D
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
Solids | A | F | A | F | A | B |
C
|
B
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
|
Iron Removal | B | F | A | F | A | C |
B
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
H25 Removal | B | D | A | C | B | C |
B
|
A
|
B
|
B
|
A
|
|
GPA | 3.1 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.5 |
3.2
|
3.1
|
3.4
|
2.8
|
4.0
|
* Appoximate number of 53 foot trailers required to treet 80 Bbl/Min
Legend
|
Flow | Cost ($/Bbl) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bbl/Min | GPM | |||
Low | 0-10 | 0-420 | 0-1 | |
Medium | 10-60 | 420-2520 | 1-2 | |
High | >60 | >2520 | >2 |
Note: 1 Bbl = 42 Gallons